Alaska Bird ObservatoryAlaska Bird Observatory
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Bird Conservation in Alaska: The Role of Research at ABO by Anna-Marie Benson People often ask why a nonprofit organization exists to conduct bird research and how our research is different from other institutions that conduct avian studies. Although we collaborate with universities, government agencies, biological-consulting companies, and other nonprofit organizations, we are a distinctly separate entity. The Alaska Bird Observatory fills a unique niche in Alaska through our mission to conserve bird populations through research and education. We actively seek projects that provide much-needed, basic information on habitat use, population dynamics, and life histories of birds. We focus much of our energy on long-term monitoring programs that take many years to accumulate results. These programs are rarely appealing to funders, but they are an important component to conserving bird populations. Similar missions have been successful at other bird observatories. For example, Point Reyes and Long Point Bird Observatories have each operated for nearly 40 years and have been role models for our organization. These bird observatories have championed the use of credible, scientific information for guiding policy and management decisions. They have furthered the conservation of bird populations and the advancement of ornithology by contributing published literature and providing information to several facets of the scientific community. ABO is a relatively young organization and we are still working to achieve many of our goals. A combination of factors help us fill a unique niche in bird research in Alaska and ensure that we will achieve these goals. These factors include: 1. Non-traditional funding sources for research that are not tied to specific personnel or initiatives. These sources include memberships, merchandise sales, grants from private foundations in Alaska and other states, oil companies, conservation organizations, corporations, and small businesses. 2. Staffing our programs with student interns, amateurs, and skilled volunteers as well as professional biologists. These people are willing to participate because of the hands-on, intensive training they receive and the satisfaction of participating in meaningful data collection. 3. Expertise&emdash;Belief in ABO's mission is widespread; as such, we have broad support from a variety of local and international experts. One need only observe the distinguished members of our scientific advisory council and board of directors to realize that prominent scientists support and guide the research conducted by ABO. 4. Public education&emdash;Educating the public about the research we conduct through on-site field demonstrations, bird-watching seminars and walks&emdash;all of which have increased community support for our research programs. 5. Community support&emdash; A grand example of overwhelming community support is the Birdathon, our annual fundraiser, in which a single individual, Carol McIntyre, raised over $1,800. This fundraiser previously raised an average of $2,000 for the local Audubon chapter, but after teaming up with ABO in 1996 it raised $6,000 and this year approached $14,000&emdash;not bad for a relatively small community. Conserving bird populations is beyond the capacity of a single agency or organization. Nonprofit organizations such as ABO fulfill a crucial role toward this conservation initiative by conducting cost-effective, independent research, involving community members in hands-on science, and working with a host of cooperators throughout Alaska.
The second annual Tanana Valley Sandhill Crane Festival is scheduled for August 21 through September 10. This event, which celebrates Sandhill Cranes and fall migration, is co-sponsored by Friends of Creamer's Field, Alaska Bird Observatory, and Arctic Audubon Society. A full schedule of activities are planned in Fairbanks, including: naturalist walks and crane viewing; workshops in photography, drawing, animal tracks, optics, and sparrow identification; bird art displays at local galleries; craft activities for kids; songbird banding demonstrations; and possibly a crane seminar and crane dance. Watch our web site and local newspaper for details! |
The CDs are Here! The Alaska Bird Observatory is pleased to announce that the "Bird Songs of Alaska" CD set has finally arrived. This is the most complete compilation of Alaskan bird sound recordings ever assembled, containing the songs of more than 260 species of Alaskan birds. The cost per two-CD set is $25 plus shipping & handling. If you would like to purchase a set of the CDs, contact ABO at (907) 451-7059 or via e-mail at birds@alaskabird.org
by Lori Quakenbush It appears it is time to say good-bye to one of ABO's original board members. Dr. Pierre Deviche has served on the ABO Board of Directors since 1992 and he has helped the organization through some serious growing pains and general waxing. In addition to his Board duties, Pierre has chaired the Scientific Advisory Council for the last year. The council helps the board make decisions on scientific matters, such as study design, new studies, data analysis, publications, etc. Pierre is leaving Alaska for a faculty position with the Biology Department at Arizona State University. We thank him for his generous service and wish him the best in his new position.
Steve Springs from the ABO Nest Steve Springer, bander extraordinaire for ABO, has accepted a position with the Geophysical Institute at the University of Alaska-Fairbanks beginning August 23. During his time at ABO, he has banded thousands of birds, given bird-banding demonstrations to the public, trained numerous biologists, interns, and volunteers, and has been among the top fundraisers during the annual Birdathon. He is also well known for his "great ears"; he conducted landbird censuses in Denali Park for four consecutive field seasons and is always a big hit with introductory birding-by-ear workshops. Steve has been a fantastic co-worker and a great friend to the staff and volunteers at ABO. His passion for birds has inspired many people. As a volunteer recently stated, "Steve is an absolute jewel; he has been instrumental in making the past four years of volunteering enjoyable and he has been an excellent mentor for my daughter." We will certainly miss his expertise, sense of humor, and his natural ability to work with people of all ages. We thank him for his years of hard work and wish him the best in his new career.
Six new folks are assisting with operations at ABO this summer. Doug Wacker and Curt Gervich are this year's banding interns at the Creamer's Field Migration Station. Doug hails from Indiana where, in 1995, he received degrees in criminal justice and telecommunications from Indiana University. Doug is currently making up classes to gain admittance into UAF's biological sciences Master's program. Curt received his BS in biology and ecology from Emory University in 1998. He moved to Fairbanks in 1998 to intern with the Alaska Boreal Forest Council. Curt is doing double-duty for the Bird-O this summer by working with Steve Springer on the Denali National Park bird censusing project during June as well as at Creamer's. Holly Debenham is the education program intern this year. Holly has a BS in biology and a teaching degree in science from UAF. During the school year she works for the school district as a teacher aide. This is the second year of operation for the Denali Institute Migration Station (DIMS) at Camp Denali, located in the heart of Denali National Park. Catherine Pohl, an Alaskan for over 10 years and experienced bird bander, is the Bander-in-Charge for the DIMS. Cathy ran breeding season banding stations in Juneau, Hoonah, and Yakutat for several seasons before coming to ABO. Two interns are assisting with operation of the DIMS. Suzanne Cardinal is a recent graduate of Evergreen State College, where she focused on environmental science and zoology. Alan Brelsford is a near-lifetime Alaskan who is currently enrolled at Williams College and majoring in biology. |
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by Anna-Marie Benson ABO staff and volunteers operated our spring migration station at Creamer's Field Migratory Waterfowl Refuge in Fairbanks, Alaska for the eighth consecutive year. The objectives of the mist-netting study are to capture and band migrating passerines to examine: 1) population dynamics; 2) timing of life-history events (e.g., migration, reproduction, and seasonal differences in body condition); and 3) habitat use. Data collected at the migration station provide important information to the essential knowledge of avian distribution. Additionally, data from birds of known age (i.e., returning individuals that were banded in previous years) are currently being used to evaluate the accuracy of aging and sexing techniques proposed by the Bird Banding Laboratory. Captures of birds were comparable to the seven previous years of spring-migration banding. We captured 426 individuals of 31 species during 40 days of mist netting (7,180 net hours of operation). The most abundant species were American Robin, Orange-crowned Warbler, Myrtle Warbler, Slate-colored Junco, and Common Redpoll (Table 1). Return rates continue to be high at our site, as nearly 13% of captures in 1999 were birds banded in previous years. We captured more shorebirds (Lesser Yellowlegs and Solitary Sandpipers) than in previous years, likely because of high water levels in a seasonal pond at the site. Capture rates of Swainson's Thrushes and Wilson Warblers were lower than in previous years. Total number of individuals captured at Creamer's Field Migration Station: 25 April-15 June 1999.
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Despite the seemingly late arrival of a number of migrant passerines to the Tanana Valley, participants in the 1999 Farthest North Birdathon shattered last year's efforts by raising $13,933 --over $3,000 more than in 1998. Between May 15-31, 18 teams traveled by car, bike, and foot to count birds and raise funds for the Alaska Bird Observatory and Arctic Audubon Society. Covering Valdez, the Denali Highway, Delta and Fairbanks, birders found 128 species, and almost every team saw a Northern Hawk Owl. As always, ABO staff had a blast counting birds&emdash;altogether we fielded three teams and raised $4,682. The team of "Bunky's Birders" took home the coveted Golden Binoculars Award by finding 101 species, despite encountering a four-hour blizzard. Carol McIntyre of the Boreal Biking Birders collected a whopping $1,847 in pledges and took home a Fran Bundtzen bird carving for being the individual to raise the most money. Most impressive is the fact that Carol and her team completed their birdathon solely on bike and foot. There are many to thank for making this our most successful Birdathon ever, especially our event sponsors, Steve Neumuth Advertising and Alaska Airlines. Alaska Feed Co., the American Birding Association, The Artworks, Beaver Sports, Big Ray's, the Binkley Family, Fran Bundtzen, Betsy Chronic, Ed Clark & Judy Dearborn, Coldspot Feeds, Fountainhead Development, Hot Lick's Ice Cream, Dan Kennedy, Pat Pearlman Designs, Tanana Valley State Fair, and Charlotte Van Zant-King donated event prizes. Bill Tilton provided artwork for our t-shirts, and Subzero Graphics donated t-shirt layout and design work. Joe Faulhaber provided the ABO "Lame Ducks" team with a vehicle, while Tangle Lakes Lodge donated housing. Philip Martin led a guided birdathon that helped raise $1,461. Finally we thank everyone who participated in the Birdathon and those who sponsored them. Adult: Carol McIntyre ($1,847); Nancy DeWitt ($1,219); Steve Porter ($790); Jim DeWitt ($780); Sherry Lewis ($622); Steve Neumuth ($586); Pam Bruce ($538) Youth: Abby Hawkins ($276); Joel Martin ($150) Family: "Bunky's Birders" Jim Logan & Sherry Lewis ($1,026); "Birch Hill Birders" Judy Dearborn & Ed Clark ($600); Brian & Vicki Leffingwell ($593); "Tire Birds" Anna-Marie & Carl Benson ($439); John Cogdill Family ($324); Dan & Mary Kennedy ($321); "Ross Rangers" Mark and Mandy Ross ($300) Team (based on average per member): "Lame Ducks" Andrea Swingley, Jim & Nancy DeWitt, Pierre Deviche ($2,399 total) "Boreal Biking Birders" Carol McIntrye, Ken Russell, Laurel Devaney Michelle Ambrose, Deb Nigro, Ray Hander ($2,629) "Greater Wandering Vagrants" Steve Springer, Amal Ajmi, Steve Porter, Cindy Fabbri ($1,665) Bunky's Birders - 101 Boreal Biking Birders - 71 Boreal Biking Birders Amal Ajmi &endash; 100 species, $340 Barbara Boyle, 70 species, $301 Steve Springer Ruddy Duck, Eurasian Wigeon, Boreal Owl, Northern Hawk Owl, Black Oystercatcher, Barn Swallow, Mountain Bluebird, Brown-headed Cowbird, Pacific Loon |
1999 Adopt-A-Net Sponsors A number of generous supporters have signed on to sponsor nets at Creamer's Field this year. They include: Gold Level ($1,000) - ABR, Inc., Arctic Audubon Society, and Steve Neumuth Advertising; Silver Level ($500) - Alaska Railroad Corporation, Holland America Line-Westours, Ron & Mary Teel, Usibelli Foundation, and Wedgewood Resort; Bronze Level ($250) - Alaska Children's Trust, Design Alaska, Friends of Creamer's Field, Adrienna Holden, Holm Town Nursery in Memory of John Holm, Sherry Lewis and Jim Logan, Dr. Jon & Missy Lieberman, Mt. McKinley Bank, National Bank of Alaska, PDC Inc. Consulting Engineers, POLARIS, the Steve Porter Family, Rotary Club of Fairbanks, Doug Toelle and Kelly Wien-Toelle, and Totem Ocean Trailer Express. If you or your business would like to sponsor a net, call Nancy at 451-7059. ABO is pleased to be the recipient of several grants in support of our environmental education programs. ARCO Alaska, Inc. has again demonstrated their commitment to ABO's bird conservation efforts by contributing $10,000 to help fund our student internships, volunteer program, bird-banding presentations, the Alaska Bird Camp, and in-school programs on bird conservation. A $5,000 grant from Exxon Company, USA will also help support these programs, as well as a series of winter seminars and workshops. Alyeska Pipeline Service Company and Williams Alaska Petroleum have each contributed $1,000 so we can update and distribute copies of our "Songbird Activity Book" and "Boreal Forest Songbirds of Alaska" teaching unit to schools and youth groups this year. The True North Foundation awarded ABO a $500 grant to initiate a new scholarship program for classes that want to attend a bird-banding demonstration at Creamer's Field, but lack the financial resources for bus rental and administrative fees. We are also happy to report that the Alaska Fund for the Future awarded a $500 grant for the Alaska Bird Camp. Two new grants will help ABO promote Fairbanks as a birding destination for Alaska visitors, as well as promote and enhance bird-viewing opportunities in our area. A $2,700 grant from the Alaska Conservation's Watchable Wildlife Trust kicks off our new "Wings over Fairbanks" project. We plan to develop a new brochure for tourists and residents that will highlight birding opportunities and events in the Fairbanks area, advertise local bird-viewing activities in the Milepost and Fairbanks Visitor Guide, publicize ABO's web page, offer bird walks and workshops that promote ethical and environmentally responsible bird watching, and install two new signs at Creamer's Refuge that focus on songbirds and migration. We also received a $793 grant from the City of Fairbanks in support of this project. ABO relies on the generosity of many members, volunteers, and donors to help us stretch our lean budget as far as possible. We would like to thank the following for their recent donations:
ABO offered our seventh annual bander training course from 10-23 May. The intensive, two-week course is geared towards wildlife professionals who wish to participate in systematic banding operations. The program included hands-on training in methods of capturing and banding passerines. Additionally, the program included a lecture component that focused on objectives of netting programs and identification of bird species and plumages not observed in the field. Five biologists successfully completed the training program: Fred Deines & Greg McClellan (U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service-Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge), Karin Lehmkuhl (USFWS-Koyokuk-Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge), Don Youkey (U.S. Forest Service-Tongass National Forest), and Jesse Bopp (Institute for Bird Populations). The 1999 trainees were a fun and motivated group of individuals, and we're certain they will be successful at their respective banding operations.
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Gail Mayo, a long-time volunteer for ABO, received one of 21 First Lady's Volunteer Achievement Awards on May 6. The awards, which represent Alaska's highest honor for volunteer service, were presented by First Lady Susan Knowles. Gail was recognized for her many years of work in wildlife conservation and education, much of which has been focused at Creamer's Refuge. From the 1960's through the 1990's, Gail worked with others to develop Creamer's Refuge, a spring waterfowl watch for children, the refuge's first nature trail, and the Creamer's Field Visitor Center. She was the first elected president of the Friends of Creamer's Field organization, where she continues to serve as board treasurer. She also helps with their volunteer naturalist program and leads nature walks. In 1992 Gail and her husband Larry became involved in the development of the Alaska Bird Observatory. Gail has served as board treasurer for ABO since 1994 and has helped at our migration station, and with International Migratory Bird Day and the Alaska Bird Camp. Gail is also very active with the Arctic Audubon Society. Each year she helps organize the Christmas Bird Count, and she organized the inaugural Sandhill Crane Festival. Gail believes "The best way to get children--and adults--excited about nature is for them to experience it firsthand." She has spent more than half her life working toward this goal with tremendous success, and all on a voluntary basis. We are very fortunate to have Gail as one of our volunteers! **Note** Carol Brice, another ABO volunteer, received a First Lady's Volunteer Award for her numerous child and family advocacy activities. Congratulations, Carol! |
Our first hosting of International Migratory Bird Day (IMBD) was a great success! On Saturday, May 8, ABO coordinated a celebration of this annual event at Creamer's Field Migratory Waterfowl Refuge. This year's activities were sponsored in conjunction with the Alaska Department of Fish & Game, Alaska Public Lands Information Center, Arctic Audubon Society, Ducks Unlimited Fairbanks Chapter, Friends of Creamer's Field, and the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. IMBD is a festival created for increasing awareness of Neotropical migratory birds and the need for conservation of their habitat. Neotropical migratory birds include warblers, thrushes, and flycatchers that winter in Central and South America and spend the summer breeding in our own backyards. IMBD celebrates the longer days and warming temperatures that prompt the return of millions of migratory birds from their wintering grounds. IMBD is recognized as the keystone event for Partners in Flight, the international conservation program whose goal is to reverse declines in migratory bird populations. The day was filled with short workshops and on-going activities relating to Alaskan birds, bird conservation, and bird migration. Approximately 160 people went through the Farmhouse Visitor Center during the day. Workshops covered topics including waterfowl and passerine identification, migratory shorebirds, birding by ear, bird photography, birding software demonstrations, and a puppet show for kids. Our sincere thanks to everyone who helped make the day a great celebration of our migratory birds! To find out more about how you can help migratory birds or next year's International Migratory Bird Day celebration, call ABO at (907) 451-7059 or visit our web site at http://www.alaskabird.org. |
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Arctic Warblers (Phylloscopus borealis) are one of the nine species of songbirds that nest in Alaska, migrate to the Paleotropics, and breed nowhere else in the United States (USFWS 1998). Although their name indicates that this bird is a warbler, they are not New World warblers (Family Parulidae) such as Yellow and Orange-crowned Warblers. Arctic Warblers were previously classified with the thrushes (Family Muscicapidae), but have recently been re-classified as Old World warblers (Family Sylviidae) (AOU 1998; National Geographic Society 1987), a large and diverse family in the Old World. Arctic Warblers have no other close relatives in the Americas (D.D. Gibson, pers. comm.). The name Phylloscopus comes from the Greek words "phyllon" meaning leaf and "skopeo" meaning "to look at" or "to see" (Terres 1980). Arctic Warblers primarily eat mosquitoes (Terres 1980) and forage actively in the foliage of trees and shrubs, in herbaceous vegetation, and on the ground (Cramp 1992). These birds generally forage by examining branches and leaves, as well as by hovering, clinging to vertical stems, and hanging below horizontal shoots (Cramp 1992). The specific epithet "borealis" is a Latin word referring to the northern geographic range of these birds (Terres 1980). Some suggest that Arctic Warblers could be more accurately named Subarctic Warblers, as their breeding range falls entirely within this region (Cramp 1992). Arctic Warblers are relatively small, very active, and cryptically colored. They are olive green above, white with yellow wash below, and have a yellow-white supercilium, sometimes referred to as the eye-stripe or eyebrow (Terres 1980). They also have a narrow, white wing bar, a small, stout bill, and straw colored legs (Terres 1980; National Geographic Society 1999). Alaska is the only place in North America where Arctic Warblers are regularly seen, making them an important species for visiting and local birdwatchers. These birds arrive relatively late to their breeding grounds. Most central Alaskan birdwatchers don't even look for Arctic Warblers until after June 10 each year. This species is generally found in dense deciduous riparian thickets of willow, dwarf birch, and alder (AOU 1998). They make domed or globe-shaped nests of grass, leaves, and moss that are lined with finer grass, hair, or a few ptarmigan feathers (Terres 1980; Ehrlich et al. 1988). Alaskan Arctic Warblers generally leave their breeding grounds between mid-August and early-September. These birds migrate across the Bering Strait, through eastern Asia and the Commander Islands where they disappear among other warblers in Southeast Asia, the Philippines, Moluccas, and the East Indies (D.D. Gibson pers. comm.; AOU 1998), a one-way distance of approximately 7,500 kilometers (Rappole 1995). There are several primary locations in Alaska to visit when looking for Arctic Warblers. Many were heard singing in the brush along the road edges between miles 23.5 &endash; 43 (from Paxson) of the Denali Highway, and off the west side of the Parks Highway near milepost 199 in mid-June of this year (N. DeWitt pers. comm.). Arctic Warblers are also frequently found in Denali National Park. Take the shuttle bus to the Igloo Creek Campground, head west on foot along Igloo Creek, and look for the birds in the willows along the creek (S. Springer pers. comm.). Another area in which birders frequently see Arctic Warblers is in the willows along the Nome road system. Check the birding board in the Nome Visitor Center for the latest sightings and locations. Because these birds are well camouflaged, it is extremely helpful to be able to recognize their song in order to find them. Remember to look for a little bird peering under leaves for insects. American Ornithologists' Union. 1998. Check-list of North American birds, 7th Edition, pp. 490. Cramp, S. (ed.). 1992. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa: The birds of the Western Palearctic, volume 6. Warblers. Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 536-548. Ehrlich, P.R., D.S. Dobkin, and D. Wheye. 1988. The birder's handbook: a field guide to the natural history of North American birds. Simon & Schuster Inc., New York, pp. 448. National Geographic Society. 1987. Field guide to the birds of North America, 2nd edition. National Geographic Society, Washington, D.C., pp. 320. _______________________. 1999. Field guide to the birds of North America, 3rd edition. National Geographic Society, Washington, D.C., pp. 340. Rappole, J.H. 1995. The ecology of migrant birds: a neotropical perspective. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, pp. 88-89. Terres, J.K. 1980. The Audubon Society encyclopedia of North American birds. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York, pp. 1001. Office of Migratory Bird Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 7. 1998. Landbird resources in Alaska. http://www.r7.fws.gov/mbm/landbir.html. |
This was the second year for ABO's Alaska Bird Camp. This camp provided a unique opportunity for nine students ages 9-11 to learn about resident and migrant birds in interior Alaska. Students learned about bird identification and ecology, conducted research, explored careers in science, talked with resource professionals, and met other youth with similar interests. The camp was based at Creamer's Field Migratory Waterfowl Refuge in Fairbanks, and included field trips to a variety of habitats.
Participants were divided into three groups to conduct research projects. One group looked at the protective behavior of parent Tree Swallows in an attempt to determine how birds act differently in their nests. This group discovered that the swallows with eggs in their nest were more protective than the swallows with chicks. Another group compared the species composition and number of birds in two different habitats on Creamer's Refuge. These budding ornithologists determined that more bird species were present in the forest while there were greater numbers of birds in the field. The third group interviewed visitors to determine what influenced their decision to visit Creamer's Refuge. These inquisitive campers found that most visitors they interviewed came to Creamer's to watch birds. The kids conducted their research throughout the week before summarizing their results on a poster.
The camp would not have been possible without support from Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Alaska Fund for the Future, ARCO Alaska Inc., Arctic Audubon Society, Camp Habitat, The Fairbanks Chapter of Ducks Unlimited, Exxon Company U.S.A., Fairbanks Curling Lions Club, GCI, Skaggs Foundation, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Watchable Wildlife Conservation Trust. Alaska Tent & Tarp graciously donated the use of a portable building so the campers could be dry and comfortable. Friends of Creamer's Field provided binoculars and spotting scopes for better bird viewing. Subzero Graphics donated design work toward the Alaska Bird Camp t-shirts. Watch the next newsletter and ABO's web site for details about next year's camp.
This spring ABO acquired and set up a new research facility for monitoring songbirds at Creamer's Field. We are indebted to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for securing a cost-share grant to fund the new station, and to Alaska Tent and Tarp for giving us a discount on a portable building. We are grateful to Spenard Building Supply for donating the lumber for the floor and tables, and to Hometown Propane for donating propane to keep our biologists and volunteers warm. We would also like to thank Larry Mayo for his on-going solar power advice, and the volunteers who helped us tear down the old weatherport, do the carpentry work, and put up the new structure. They include: Jim DeWitt, Dan Kennedy, Don Leistikow, Greg McClellan, Duff McIntyre, Steve Reidsma, and Chris and Andrea Swingley. Finally, we thank the Alaska Department of Fish and Game for continued support of our bird research and environmental education programs at the refuge. The efforts and the support of our community help ABO's continued efforts to ensure the conservation of Alaska's birds.
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You can get the printed version of The Arctic Warbler, which gives you more information and photos, by joining ABO. It's easy to do. Visit the Join ABO page to see how to join. |
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